BIYOLOJI YAZILIMI

This CD contains color images of all micro sections and additional specimens at various enlargements and detail views contained in the matching school series. · Identification of important structures and explanatory texts (can be hidden ... more

The body of every animal consists of an array of many organs, each of which must perform certain functions within the organism as a whole. The closer study of these organs calls for the preparation of very thin slices of tissue. These slices ... more

Proteins, carbohydrates and fats as components of our nutrition. Minerals and vitamins. Nutriment entails foodstuff intake, digestion and resorption. Health through a balanced diet. Mouth, gullet and esophagus. Tooth forms. Tooth development ... more

The sense organs have the task of furnishing information to the individual about himself and his environment. The ability to perceive stimuli and react to them is, together with the capacity for movement, nourishing oneself and reproducing ... more

The pathways through which oxygen reaches the cells varies from organism to organism. In the case of unicellular beings, oxygen diffuses directly from the environment into the cell. In the case of higher organisms, including humans, a transportation ... more

Reproduction serves for the preservation of the species. The number of germ cells must balance losses caused by environmental factors (predators, climate, catastrophes), so that the number of reproductive individuals remains constant within ... more

Introductory CD for the nervous system. View of the entire human nervous system. Occurrence of the typical nerve cells in the human nervous system. Fine structure of a neuron, composition of the nerve, motor end plates, glial cells, nerve cells ... more

The human central, peripheral and autonomic nervous system. Spinal cord: structure and function. Function of gray and white matter. Diagram of reflex connections. Examination of human reflexes and of diseases affecting the nervous system: polio ... more

Hormones are substances produced chiefly by the endocrine glands. They are brought by the blood stream to the areas of the body where they exert their effect and influence through ferments the most important vital processes, such as metabolism ... more

The basis of both CD’s in this series is the range of newest findings in the field of human genetics. As an introduction, the basic knowledge on formal genetics is first imparted, illustrated and explained using many examples from medical genetics ... more

Introduction to the principles of molecular genetics. The focus lies on the application of new techniques in medical genetics and in genetic counseling. Furthermore, subject matters such as population genetics, mutations, imprinting, blood ... more

The relentless advance of technology in nearly all areas of life, together with consequences that more often than not exert an influence on our natural make-up, represent a steadily increasing threat to the environment. Comprehensive environmental ... more

A fundamental feature of all living creatures is that their organism grows. The actual growth of multicellular organisms results from the increase in the number of cells. Cell divisions make it possible for a single fertilized egg cell to give ... more

In cytology and molecular biology, cell nuclei and chromosomes are conspicuous structures. Their role in cellular activity, their function and importance in heredity and cell division, as well as aspects of molecular biology will all be discussed ... more

Habitats left in their natural state are becoming increasingly rare. Using selected examples, these habitats’ wealth of species, the problems of preserving them and the importance for the overall ecological framework even of small biotopes ... more

The cell is the basic element of all living organisms. In unicellular organisms, a single cell performs all those vital processes for which multicellular organisms have developed specialized cells: muscle cells can contract, glandular cells ... more

In order to establish the fact that heredity is governed by laws, it is necessary to mate living beings that exhibit certain differences from each other. The first experiments in this regard were performed by Augustinian priest Gregor Mendel ... more

With over 1 million species, arthropods are by far the largest animal group on this planet. They include insects, spiders, millipedes and crustaceans. They share such characteristics as segmented legs and a hard external skeleton made of chitin ... more

Morphology, the study of the structure of organisms and of the relationship among their constituent organs, together with taxonomy, the science dealing with the relationships among organisms and their classification into a hierarchical system ... more

Few things in living nature are so multifaceted as the forms that plant cells can adopt. Depending on their function, they can be symmetrical and smooth-walled filling cells, repeatedly-branched trichomes, star-shaped, ring-shaped, corkscrew ... more

The purpose of this CD is the same as that of CD155, but focused on botany. Plant-derived foodstuffs form the basis of human nourishment. Given that modern students enjoy ever diminishing opportunities to observe or take part in sowing, cultivating ... more

One of the identifying features of higher plants is the occurrence of flowers and fruits, whose complex structure under the microscope makes for interesting observations. Some plants, such as conifers, build male and female germinal elements ... more

Since man started to practice agriculture, he had to „defend“ his crops against damaging organisms. Often, a large part, if not all, of a harvest is lost to harmful plants or pests, mostly caused by different types of fungi. For their multiplication ... more

While flowering plants (Phanerogamae) show many similarities in structure and reproduction, the non-flowering plants (Cryptogamae) constitute an extraordinarily diverse group. Members of this group are bacteria, blue algae, algae, fungi, lichen ... more

Animals obtain their nourishment by manifold adaptations. One extreme method is parasitism, whereby the quest for nourishment is left to the host while the parasite, as an uninvited guest, taps its nourishment directly from its host’s living ... more